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							12 Volt or 24 Volt DC Pulse Width Modulator: 
							This circuit can be used as a light dimmer or DC 
							motor speed controller. | 
						
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							2 Transistor FM Transmitters: 
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							3 Watt FM Transmitter: | 
						
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							68HC11 Function Generator:  | 
						
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							Active clamp/reset PWM IC becomes more versatile: 
							06/26/03  EDN-Design Ideas / The UCC3580 (www.ti.com), 
							IC1 in Figure 1, is an active-clamp/reset-PWM IC 
							that has all the requisites of a power-supply IC 
							except for current limit. You can use the shutdown 
							pin (16) for this purpose (see the UCC3580 data 
							sheet). But when the shutdown pin activates, the 
							soft-start capacitor normally connected to Pin 15 
							discharges, and the converter starts again, 
							resulting in hiccup mode... | 
						
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							Add on AM Modulator has High Bandwidth: 09/11/98 
							EDN-Design Ideas  | 
						
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							AM / FM / SW Active Antenna: This circuit shows 
							an active antenna that can be used for AM, FM, and 
							shortwave SW. On the shortwave band this active 
							antenna is comparable to a20 to30 foot wire antenna. 
							This circuit uses receivers that use untuned wire 
							antennas, such as inexpensive units and car radios. 
							L1 can be selected for the application | 
						
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							AM Receiver:  | 
						
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							AM Transmitter:  | 
						
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							Basic FM Radio Transmitters: 
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							Circuit makes simple FSK modulator: 10/11/2001 
							EDN - Design Ideas / The need for a compact 
							telemetry system poses a challenge for designing a 
							small, light, low-component-count system. 
							Interfacing serial data from the microprocessor is 
							also difficult because most low-cost RF transmitters 
							do not accept dc levels at the input. Commercial FSK 
							(frequency-shift-keying) modulators are bulky and 
							need many passive components. . | 
						
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							Circuit sequences supplies for FPGAs: 01/23/03  
							EDN-Design Ideas / System designers must consider 
							the timing and voltage differences between core and 
							I/O power supplies (in other words, power-supply 
							sequencing) during power-up and power-down. The 
							possibility of a latch-up failure or excessive 
							current draw exists when power-supply sequencing 
							does not occur properly. The trigger for latch-up 
							may occur if power supplies apply different 
							potentials to the core and ..... | 
						
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							Class B Series Modulator: | 
						
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							Current Amp Provides Frequency Modulation: 
							12/04/97 EDN-Design Ideas | 
						
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							DC to Pulse Width Modulator: This control 
							circuit is suitable for the accurate control of DC 
							motors, lighting levels, small heaters as well as 
							other applications. The circuit converts a DC 
							voltage into a series of pulses, such that the pulse 
							duration is directly proportional to the value of 
							the DC voltage. This circuit can operate with 
							8-35VDC and control up to 6.5A current. The control 
							voltage is adjustable (can be tuned for0-10-Volt 
							DC).  | 
						
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							Digital Potentiometer Controls Phase Shift: 
							02/15/96 EDN-Design Ideas  | 
						
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							Digitally Controlled Phase Shift: Altering the 
							phase response of a signal without changing its 
							amplitude characteristics is commonly performed 
							using an all pass filter. This circuit 
							implementation is well suited to using digital 
							potentiometers as the controlling element. | 
						
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							Dual Voltage Controlled Filter with Modulator: | 
						
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							Dual Voltage Controlled Oscillator with Modulator:
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							Eight Channel Eight Bit PWM Controller: National 
							Semiconductor Application Notes,05-Aug-1995 
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							FM Beacon Transmitter (88 108 MHz): This circuit 
							will transmit a continuous audio tone on the FM 
							broadcast band (88-108 MHz) which could used for 
							remote control or security purposes. Circuit draws 
							about30 mA from a 6-9 volt battery and can be 
							received to about100 yards. | 
						
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							Radio Bug:  | 
						
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							FM Radio Telephone Bug: | 
						
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							FM Radio Telephone Transmitter: | 
						
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							FM Radio Transmitter #1: | 
						
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							FM Radio Transmitter: | 
						
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							FM transmitter : | 
						
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							FPGMakes Simple FIFO: 10/26/00 EDN-Design Ideas 
							/ PDF contains multiple circuits - scroll to find 
							this circuit | 
						
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							Improved FM Stereo Modulator: | 
						
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							Improved frequency modulator uses "negatron": 
							07/11/2002  EDN - Design Ideas / You can improve a 
							capacitive-sensor circuit with a modulator and an RF 
							transmitter (Reference 1) by modifying the modulator 
							portion to obtain better accuracy. More improvements 
							result from adding a "negatron" circuit, a 
							configuration that uses equivalent negative 
							capacitance. Reference 2 gives some insight into the 
							uses of negative impedance.. | 
						
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							KD2BD AT Volt AM Video Modulator: video signal 
							processing circuit that allows adjustment of video 
							gain, video bias, sync and sync level 
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							Limiting Amplifier Forms AM Modulator: 12/07/95 
							EDN-Design Ideas  | 
						
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							Linear, MicroPower Pulse Width Modulator: 
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							Low Cost Audio Video Modulator & Transmitter: 
							project report in PDF format | 
						
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							Low Power FM Transmitter:  | 
						
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							Micro Power AM Broadcast Transmitters: In this 
							circuit, a 74HC14 hex Schmitt trigger inverter is 
							used as a square wave oscillator to drive a small 
							signal transistor in a Class C amplifier 
							configuration. The oscillator frequency can be 
							either fixed by a crystal or made adjustable VFO 
							with a capacitor/resistor combination. | 
						
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							Micro Spy With FETs:  | 
						
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							Micro Spy With TTL:  | 
						
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							Micro Spy With USW:  | 
						
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							MicroPower FM Broadcasting Circuits: 
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							MicroPower Pulse Width Modulator: 
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							Miniature FM Transmitter #1: 
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							Miniature FM Transmitter #2: 
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							Miniature FM Transmitter #3: 
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							Miniature FM Transmitters #4: 
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							Modulator Draws just 5 MAt 2.7V: 06/05/97 EDN-Design 
							Ideas  | 
						
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							Modulator's Design Cuts FPGA's Gate Count: 
							01/06/94 EDN-Design Ideas / The pulse-width 
							modulator (PWM) macro in Fig1 requires only half as 
							much logic as a conventional2-counter design. With 
							the help of extra logic, a synchronous, loadable 
							up/down counter can encode information in the duty 
							cycle of a constant-frequency, constant-amplitude 
							signal.   | 
						
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							MPF102 FM Receiver:  | 
						
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							Non Powered Ring Modulator Circuit: 
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							Novel LowCost QPSK Modulator Needs No Adjustments
							: 09/16/02 Electronic Design - Ideas for Design 
							/ Eliminating software adjustments in circuits based 
							on digital logic improves robustness and reduces 
							cost for small-production-run series. This circuit 
							is a cost-improved version of classical QPSK 
							modulator designs. Based on common CMOS logic, it 
							needs...   | 
						
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							PCB Drill Controller: The speed controller in 
							this article overcomes this problem by raising the 
							voltage to the drill as the load is increased. The 
							unit uses a basic Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) 
							regulator to reduce the power dissipation. | 
						
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							Phase Shift Radio Direction Finder: 
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							Phase Shifter Yields Slope Polarity Detection: 
							03/14/96 EDN-Design Ideas  | 
						
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							Phase Shifter:  | 
						
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							PLD Adds PWM SoftStart Function To Switching Power 
							Supplies: 07/08/02 Electronic Design - Ideas for 
							Design / Switching converters sometimes use 
							soft-start circuitry to reduce the large in-rush 
							current that occurs when they first turn on. By 
							employing a PLD, soft start can be added to 
							power-supply controllers that don't natively support 
							this function, but...   | 
						
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							Provide 4  to 20 MPWM Control: 09/01/98 EDN-Design 
							Ideas /  Are useful when you use4- to20-mA 
							current-loop signals to control a PWM signal 
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							Provide 4to 20mPWM Control: 09/01/98 EDN-Design 
							Ideas /  Are useful when you use4- to20-mA 
							current-loop signals to control a PWM signal | 
						
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							Pulse Width Modulation DC Motor Control: 
							controls the motor speed by driving the motor with 
							short pulses  | 
						
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							Pulse Width Modulators: generating PWM waveform 
							is extremely simple with the circuits shown in this 
							page  | 
						
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							Pulse Width to Voltage Converter: 
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							PWM Circuit uses one OpAmp: 07/06/00 EDN-Design 
							Ideas / circuit delivers a rectangular signal with 
							duty cycle varying between0 and100% in response to 
							an input signal varying from0 to5V dc 
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							PWM Controller: 555 Timer based PWM motor 
							control project for electric fan or other DC motor
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							PWM Motor / Light Controller Variations: 
							diagrams are for12V operation and there are high 
							side (common ground) and low side (common +12V) 
							versions  | 
						
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							PWM Speed Control: includes theory and some 
							example circuits  | 
						
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							PWM Watchdog Circuit Ensures upper Bounds: 
							11/07/96 EDN-Design Ideas  | 
						
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							Simple AM Radio Receiver & Amplifier: | 
						
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							Simple Circuit Provides Efficient PWM: 02/18/99 
							EDN-Design Ideas / PDF contains multiple circuits - 
							scroll to find this circuit | 
						
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							Simple PWM ADC is Surprisingly Accurate: 
							06/09/94 EDN-Design Ideas  | 
						
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							Simple PWM Signal Generator Suits Backlight LCD 
							Applications : 04/15/02 Electronic Design - 
							Ideas for Design / In LCD backlight applications, a 
							dc-to-ac inverter drives cold-cathode fluorescent 
							lamps. The inverter's input comes from the display's 
							power supply. Currently, it spans from 12 to 18 V. 
							Pulse-width modulation (PWM) dimming, or digital 
							dimming, can...   | 
						
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							Small FM Transmitter:  | 
						
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							Stereo Ducker:  | 
						
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							T Volt Modulator: This circuit uses an MC1373 to 
							form a TV video modulator  | 
						
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							Three Watt FM Transmitter:  | 
						
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							Transistor pair lowers PWM IC's start up current: 
							03/18/99 EDN-Design Ideas / PDF contains multiple 
							circuits - scroll to find this circuit 
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							Two Transistor FM Transmitters: 
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							Variations on the PWM DC Motor Speed Control:
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							VHF / UHF T Volt Modulator:  Elektor January1985 | 
						
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							Voltage Controlled Mixer with Modulator: 
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							Waveform Generator Demodulates FM Signals: 
							10/10/96 EDN-Design Ideas / PDF contains multiple 
							circuits - scroll to find this circuit |